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Lucy of Bolingbroke
Lucy of Bolingbroke (died circa 1138)〔Called such in King, "Ranulf (I)".〕 was an Anglo-Norman heiress in central England and, later in life, countess of Chester. Probably related to the old English earls of Mercia, she came to possess extensive lands in Lincolnshire which she passed on to her husbands and sons. She was a notable religious patron, founding or co-founding two small religious houses and endowing several with lands and churches.
==Ancestry==
A charter of Crowland Abbey, now thought to be spurious, described Thorold of Bucknall, perhaps the same as her probable father Thorold of Lincoln, as a brother of Godgifu (Godiva), wife of Leofric, Earl of Mercia.〔Keats-Rohan, "Antecessor Noster", p. 1; Williams, "Godgifu".〕 The same charter contradicted itself on the matter, proceeding to style Godgifu's son (by Leofric), Ælfgar, as Thorold's ''cognatus'' (cousin).〔Keats-Rohan, "Antecessor Noster", p. 1.〕 Another later source, from Coventry Abbey, made Lucy the sister of Earls Edwin and Morcar Leofricsson, while two other unreliable sources, the ''Chronicle'' of Abbot Ingmund of Crowland and the ''Peterbrough Chronicle'' also make Lucy the daughter of Earl Ælfgar.〔 Keats-Rohan's explanation for these accounts is that they were ill-informed and were confusing Lucy with her ancestor, William Malet's mother, who was in some manner related to the family of Godgifu.〔
Although there is much confusion about Lucy's ancestry in earlier writings, recent historians tend to believe that she was the daughter of Thorold, sheriff of Lincoln, by a daughter of William Malet (died 1071).〔Johns, ''Noblewomen, Aristocracy and Power'', p. 76, n. 26; Keats-Rohan, "Antecessor Noster", pp. 1–2; Sharpe, ''Norman Rule in Cumbria'', p. 36, n. 85.〕 She inherited a huge group of estates centred on Spalding in Lincolnshire, probably inherited from both the Lincoln and the Malet family.〔Keats-Rohan, "Antecessor Noster", p. 2.〕 This group of estates have come to be called the "Honour of Bolingbroke".〔King, "Ranulf (I)".〕
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